TERM
|
MEANING
|
DEFINITION
|
URL
FOR MORE INFO
|
|
|
|
| ATM |
Asynchronous
Transfer Mode |
|
|
| AD |
Active
Directory |
|
|
| ADSI |
Active
Directory Services Interface |
|
|
| ADSL |
Asymmetric
Digital Subscriber Line |
|
|
| ADU |
Asynchronous
Data Unit |
|
|
| AIN |
Advanced
Intelligent Network |
|
|
| API |
Application
Programming Interface |
|
|
| ARJ |
|
A
compression program for backup archiving from ARJ Software, Inc.
Introduced in the early 1990s and created by Robert Jung (the RJ in ARJ),
ARJ never achieved the popularity of PKZIP, although it is considered a
worthy competitor. |
www.arjsoftware.com
See JAR. |
| ARIN |
American
Registry for Internet Numbers |
An
organization founded in 1997 to dispense IP addresses in North and South
America, the Caribbean and sub-Saharan Africa. This was previous handled
by the InterNIC, which manages domain names. The European and Asian
counterparts of ARIN are Researux IP Europeans (RIPE) and Asia Pacific
Network Information Center (APNIC). |
www.arin.net |
| ASE |
Accredited
Systems Engineer |
|
|
| ASP |
Active
Server Pages |
|
|
| ASP |
Application
Service Provider |
A
company that offers rentable applications to multiple business users from
a shared data center over the Internet, an ATM, frame relay or even a
private-line network. The applications are typically accessed from a
user's PC in one of three ways: via a web browser, a thin client or an
application-specific client. |
|
| ASPI |
|
|
|
| ATEC |
Authorized
Technical Education Center |
|
|
| AUI |
Attachment
Unit Interface |
|
|
|
|
|
| BECN |
Backward
Explicit Congestion Notification |
A bit set by a Frame Relay
network to notify an interface device (DTE) that congestion avoidance
procedures should be initiated by the sending device. |
|
| BGP |
Border Gateway Protocol |
|
|
| BGP4 |
Border Gateway
Protocol v4.0 |
|
|
| BICSI |
|
|
|
| BIOS |
Basic
Input / Output System |
|
|
| BLOB |
Binary
Large Object |
|
|
| BNC |
British
Naval Connector |
|
|
| BPS |
Bits
Per Second (also Bps) |
|
|
| BRI |
Basic
Rate Interface |
Basic
Rate ISDN service divides a standard telephone line into three digital
channels capable of simultaneous voice and data transmission. The three
channels are comprised of two Bearer (B) channels at 64 kpbs each and a
data (D) channel at 16 kbps, also known as 2B+D.
The B channels are used to carry voice, video, and data
to the customer's site.
The D channel is used to carry all signaling information
associated with connection control as-well-as supplementary services.
Multiple B channels can be used at the same time. The D
channel can also be used to carry packetized data. BRI uses 2B1Q line
coding. The 2B means that the coding method contains two binary
information elements in a single quaternary 1Q. |
|
|
|
|
| CAD |
Computer
Aided/Assisted Drawing |
|
|
| CAE |
Computer
Aided Engineering |
|
|
| CCITT |
International
Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee |
|
|
| CCNA |
Cisco
Certified Network Associate |
|
|
| CD |
Compact
Disc or Collision Domain |
|
|
| CD-R |
Compact
Disc Recordable |
|
|
| CD-ROM |
Compact
Disc Read-Only Memory |
|
|
| CD-RW |
Compact
Disc Read Write |
|
|
| CDE |
Common
Desktop Environment |
|
|
| CDPD |
Cellular
Digital Packet Data |
|
|
| CIFS |
Common
Internet File System |
A
specification for a file access protocol designed for the Internet.
CIFS is based on the existing SMB (Server Message Block)
protocol that Microsoft Windows operating systems use for file and printer
access. With CIFS, any naming conventions that are tied into SMB have been
separated to allow use of any chosen standard, for example DNS (Domain
Name Service).
CIFS is not intended to replace existing file access
protocols such as HTTP, FTP and NFS, but to complement them.
The main difference from FTP is that with FTP operations
are carried out on entire files. The main aim of FTP is to provide bulk
data access, not for routine file access.
The main difference from NFS, which is probably the
closest in functionality, is that NFS is stateless. With NFS, you have
random access to files and directories, but there is no synchronisation
between client and server. With CIFS, once a file is open, state about the
current access to that file is stored on both the client and the server.
This allows changes on the server side to be notified to the clients that
are interested. |
http://www.cifs.net/ |
| CIM |
Common
Information Model or Compaq Insight Manager |
|
|
| CISC |
Complex
Instruction Set Computing |
|
|
| CIR |
Committed
Information Rate |
The
committed rate is a frame relay term (usually less than the access rate)
which the carrier guarantees to be available to transfer information to
its destination under normal circumstances for a particular PVC. |
|
| CIT |
Computer
Integrated Telephony |
|
|
| CIX |
Commercial
Internet Exchange |
|
|
| CLEC |
Competitive
Local Exchange Carrier |
|
|
| CNE |
Certified
Novell Engineer |
|
|
| CNRP |
Common
Name Resolution Protocol |
IETF
proposed protocol that will hide long, complex URLs behind regular
words. Expected to be completed in April 2000. |
|
| COBOL |
Common
Business Oriented Language |
|
|
| CODEC |
Compression-Decompression |
|
|
| COM |
Component
Object Model |
|
|
| CORBA |
Common
Object Request Broker Architecture |
|
|
| CPU |
Central
Processing Unit |
|
|
| CRT |
Cathode
Ray Tube |
|
|
| CSLIP |
Compression
Serial Line Internet Protocol |
|
|
| CSU/DSU |
Channel
Service Unit/Data Service Unit |
A
customer owned, physical layer device that connects DTE, such as a router,
to an access line, such as a T1, from the network service provider.
Traditionally, DSUs were network equipment used in conjunction with
customer-owned CSUs to terminate access lines. Because of regulatory
changes, there is no need for physical separation of CSU and DSU any
longer. Most so-called DSUs now marketed are really combination CSU/DSUs. |
|
|
|
|
| DAC |
Dual-Attached
Concentrator |
|
|
| DAT |
Digital
Audio Tape |
|
|
| DB |
Database |
|
|
| DBA |
Database
Administrator |
|
|
| DBMS |
Database
Management System |
|
|
| DBU |
Dial
BackUp |
|
|
| DCOM |
Distributed
Component Object Model |
|
|
| DDE |
Dynamic
Data Exchange |
|
|
| DDK |
Driver
Development Kit |
|
|
| DDS |
|
DDS
is a 4-wire, dedicated service with available data rates from 2.4 to 64
kbps. In LAN applications, DDS is deployed as a dedicated point-to-point
service. In this type of configuration the two DDS endpoints are always
connected. It best serves applications where a continuous connection is
required between two or more LANs. DDS is also used to deploy Frame Relay
in applications requiring access rates of 64k or less. |
|
| DE |
Discard
Eligibility |
A
frame relay term defining a user-set bit indicating that a frame may be
discarded in preference to other frames if congestion occurs, to maintain
the committed quality of service within the network. |
|
| DEN |
Directory
Enabled Networks |
|
|
| DES |
Data
Encryption Standard |
|
|
| DHCP |
Dynamic
Host Configuration Protocol |
|
|
| DHTML |
Dynamic
HyperText Markup Language |
|
|
| DIMM |
Dual
Inline Memory Module |
|
|
| DIP |
Dual
Inline Package |
|
|
| DLCI |
Data
Link Connection Identifier |
A
frame relay term specifying a unique number identifying a particular PVC
endpoint within a user's access channel in a Frame Relay network and has
local significance only to that channel. |
|
| DLL |
Dynamic
Link Library |
|
|
| DLT |
Digital
Linear Tape |
|
|
| DMA |
Dynamic
Memory Access |
|
|
| DMT |
Discrete
Multi-Tone |
|
|
| DMTF |
Desktop
Management Task Force |
|
|
| DNS |
Domain
Name Service
or
Domain Name System
|
Name
resolution software that lets users locate computers on a UNIX network or
the Internet (TCP/IP network) by domain name. The DNS server maintains a
database of domain names (host names) and their corresponding IP
addresses. In this hypothetical example, if www.mycompany.com were
presented to a DNS server, the IP address 204.0.8.51 would be returned.
DNS has replaced the manual task of updating HOSTS files in an inhouse
UNIX network, and of course, it would be impossible to do this manually on
the global Internet, given its size.
For Windows networks using TCP/IP, the counterpart to
DNS is WINS. In a Windows-only network, only WINS needs to be used. In a
mixed Windows/UNIX environment, the Microsoft DNS server integrates the
two. When a UNIX station wants to resolve the name for a PC, it queries
the Microsoft DNS server, which in turn queries the WINS server if it does
not already have it |
|
| DOS |
Disk
Operating System |
|
|
| DRAM |
Dynamic
Random Access Memory |
|
|
| DSL |
Digital
Subscriber Line |
|
|
| DSLAM |
Digital
Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer |
|
|
| DSN |
Digital
Services Network |
|
|
| DSVD |
Digital
Simultaneous Voice Data |
|
|
| DTE |
Data
Terminal Equipment |
User
terminal equipment which creates information for transmission; for
example, a user's PC or a router. |
|
| DTMF |
Dual-Tone
MultiFrequency |
|
|
| DTN |
Digital
Telephone Network |
|
|
| DTP |
Desktop
Publishing |
|
|
| DUN |
Dial
Up Networking |
|
|
| DVD |
Digital
Video Disc or Digital Versatile Disc |
|
|
| DVM |
Digital
Voltage Meter |
|
|
| DWDM |
Dense
Wave Division Multiplexing |
|
|
|
|
|
| E1/E3 |
European
(transport) |
E1
is the European equivalent to the American T1. Although both E1 and T1 use
64 kbps channels, they differ in many aspects. E1 is a point-to-point,
dedicated, 2.048 Mbps communications circuit that carries 32 channels
contrasted with T1's 24 channels. Of these 32 channels, 30 channels
transmit voice and data. Unlike T1, E1 always provides clear channel 64
kbps channels.
Of the two remaining channels, one uses time slot 16 and
is used for signaling and carrying line supervision (such as whether the
telephones are on-hook or off-hook). The other remaining channel uses time
slot 0, and is used for synchronization, channel control, and framing
control. |
|
| ECC |
Error
Checking & Correcting |
|
|
| ECML |
Electronic
Commerce Modeling Language |
|
|
| EDI |
Electronic
Data Interchange |
|
|
| EDM |
Electronic
Data Management |
|
|
| EDO |
Extended
Data Out |
|
|
| EFT |
Electronic
Funds Transfer |
|
|
| EGA |
Enhanced
Graphics Adapter |
|
|
| EIA |
Electronic
Industry Association |
|
|
| EIA/TIA |
Electronic
Industry Association / Telecommunications Industry Association |
|
|
| EJB |
Enterprise
Java Beans |
|
|
| EMAPI |
Extended
Messaging Application Programming Interface |
|
|
| EMI |
Electromagnetic
Interference |
|
|
| ESDI |
Enhanced
Small Device Interface |
|
|
| EXE |
Executable |
A
runnable program in DOS, Windows, OS/2 and VMS. In DOS, if a program fits
within 64K, it may be a COM file. |
|
|
|
|
| FAQ |
Frequently
Asked Questions |
|
|
| FC |
Fibre
Channel |
|
|
| FCAL |
Fibre
Channel Arbitrated Loop |
|
|
| FDD |
Fixed
Disk Drive |
|
|
| FDDI |
Fiber
Distributed |
Pronounced
"fiddi" |
|
| FECN |
Forward
Explicit Congestion Notification |
A
bit set by a Frame Relay network to notify an interface device (DTE) that
congestion avoidance procedures should be initiated by the receiving
device. |
|
| FTP |
File
Transfer Protocol |
|
|
| FDDI |
Fiber
Distributed Data Interface |
|
|
| FDSP |
Full Duplex
Speaker Phone |
|
|
| FLOPS |
Floating
Point Operations Per Second |
|
|
| FPD |
Flat
Panel Display |
|
|
| FRAD |
Frame
Relay Access Device |
A generic name for a device
that multiplexes and formats traffic for entering a Frame Relay network. |
|
| FTP |
File
Transfer Protocol |
A protocol used to transfer
files over a TCP/IP network (Internet, UNIX, etc.). It includes functions
to log onto the network, list directories and copy files. It can also
convert between the ASCII and EBCDIC character codes. FTP operations can
be performed by typing commands at a command prompt or via an FTP utility
running under a graphical interface such as Windows. FTP transfers can
also be initiated from within a Web browser by entering the URL preceded
with ftp://.
Unlike e-mail programs in which graphics and program
files have to be "attached," FTP is designed to handle binary
files directly and does not add the overhead of encoding and decoding the
data.
The term is also used as a verb; for example,
"let's FTP them the file." |
|
| FUBAR |
Failed
Unibus Address Register (VAX computer) and Fouled Up Beyond All Repair
[Recovery] |
|
|
| FUD |
Fear,
Uncertainty, and Doubt |
|
|
| FW |
Firm Ware |
|
|
|
|
|
| GB |
Gigabyte |
|
|
| GAL |
Global
Address List |
|
|
| GBIC |
GigaBit
Interface Converter |
|
|
| GDI |
Graphical
Device Interface |
|
|
| GIF |
Graphics
Interchange Format |
|
|
| GMT |
Greenwich
Mean Time |
|
|
| GPO |
Group
Policy Objects |
|
|
| GSM |
Global
System for Mobile communications |
|
|
| GST |
Greenwich
Standard Time (Time at 0 degrees longitude) |
|
|
| GUI |
Graphical
User Interface |
|
|
| GUID |
Globally
Unique Identifier |
|
|
|
|
|
| HTTP |
HyperText
Transfer Protocol |
|
|
| HAVi |
Home
Audio-Video interoperability |
A proposed consumer
electronics specification to act as the crucial middleware layer,
independent of any operating system or processor, to transport data among
various consumer devices on a home network, where a TV or set-top box
might serve as a central hub. The developers include Grundig,
Hitachi, Matsushita, Philips, Sharp, Sony, Thomson, and Toshiba. |
|
| HD |
Hard Drive |
|
|
| HDD |
Hard Disk
Drive |
|
|
| HDLC |
High
Level Data Link Control |
A generic protocol used to
transmit code-transparent, serial information over a link connection.
Unlike SDLC, control information is always placed in the same location. |
|
| HDSL |
High
data rate Digital Subscriber Line |
High Bit Rate Digital
Subscriber Line (HDSL) is the most widely available and used xDSL service
in North America today. HDSL technology has been developed to allow the
transport of a standard DS1 signal over the outside plant wiring. With
HDSL electronics at both the central office and the customer's premises,
it's possible to extend a full-duplex 1.544 Mbps signal of voice, data,
and video applications over two pairs of copper wire across private or
leased copper facilities to distances of 9,000 feet (26 AWG) or 12,000
feet (24 AWG) without redesigning the copper loop and without expensive
repeaters. The specific rates achievable with DSL depend on factors such
as the DSL technology used, the distance between endpoints and the wire
size. |
|
| HMA |
High
Memory Area |
|
|
| HMMP |
HyperMedia
Management Protocol |
|
|
| HMMS |
HyperMedia
Management Schema |
|
|
| HMOM |
HyperMedia
Object Manager |
|
|
| HPC |
Handheld
Personal Computer or High-Performance Computing |
|
|
| HPN |
High-Performance
Networks |
|
|
| HPSA |
Highly
Parallel System Architecture |
|
|
| HSM |
Hierarchical
Storage Management |
|
|
| HSSP |
High
Speed Switched Port |
|
|
| HTML |
HyperText
Markup Language |
|
|
| HTTP |
HyperText
Transport Protocol |
|
|
| HW |
Hardware |
|
|
|
|
|
| I2O |
Intelligent
Input / Output |
|
|
| IAB |
Internet
Architecture Board |
|
|
| IANA |
Internet
Assigned Numbers Authority |
|
|
| ICMP |
Internet
Control Message Protocol |
|
|
| ICP |
Internet
Content Provider |
|
|
| IDE |
Integrated
Drive Electronics |
|
|
| IDF |
Intermediate
Distribution Frame |
|
|
| IDSL |
ISDN
Digital Subscriber Line |
A
DSL variant, IDSL is commonly used for applications that require ISDN BRI
signaling in a dedicated mode. IDSL can be extended up to 18,000 feet and
can transmit digital data at rates up to 144 Kbps. |
|
| IEC |
International
Electrotechnical Commission |
|
|
| IEEE |
Institute
of Electrical & Electronic Engineers |
|
|
| IETF |
Internet
Engineering Task Force |
|
|
| IIS |
Internet
Information Server |
|
|
| ILS |
Internet
Locator Server |
|
|
| IM |
Information
Management |
|
|
| IMAP4 |
|
|
|
| IMHO |
"In
My Humble Opinion" |
|
|
| IMAC |
Installs,
Moves, Adds, and Changes |
|
|
| IMAP |
Interactive
Mail Access Protocol |
|
|
| IMD |
Integrated
Management Console |
|
|
| IMUX |
Inverse
Multiplexer |
|
|
| IP |
Internet
Protocol |
|
|
| IPX |
Internetwork
Packet Exchange |
|
|
| IOW |
"In
Other Words" |
|
|
| IRC |
Integrated
Remote Console |
|
|
| IRL |
Inter-Repeater
Link |
|
|
| IRQ |
Interrupt
Request |
|
|
| IS |
Information
Systems (Services) |
|
|
| ISA |
Integrated
Systems Architecture or Industry Standard Architecture |
|
|
| ISAPI |
Internet
Server Application Programming Interface |
|
|
| ISDL |
ISDN
Digital Subscriber Line |
|
http://www.techweb.com/encyclopedia/defineterm.cgi?sstring=ISDN |
| ISDN |
Integrated
Services Digital Network (Networking) |
|
|
| ISO |
International
Standards Organization |
|
|
| ISP |
Internet
Service Provider |
|
|
| ISS |
Integrated
Support System |
|
|
| ISV |
Independent
Software Vendor |
|
|
| IT |
Information
Technology |
|
|
| ITI |
Information
Technology Industry Council |
|
|
| ITP |
Internet
Transaction Processing |
|
|
| ITU |
International
Telecommunications Union |
|
|
| IVR |
Interactive
Voice Response |
|
|
| IVS |
Interactive
Video Services |
|
|
|
|
|
| JAR |
Java
ARchive |
1: A file format used to
distribute a Java application. It contains all the resources required to
install and run a Java program in a single compressed file. JARs are also
used to distribute JavaBeans.
2: A compression program for backup archiving from ARJ
Software, Inc. JAR is similar to ARJ, but files are not compatible. |
www.arjsoftware.com
See ARJ. |
| JAS |
Java
Application Server |
|
|
| JBOD |
Just
A Bunch Of Disks |
|
|
| JCA |
Java
Component Architecture |
|
|
| JDBC |
Java
Database Connectivity |
|
|
| JDK |
Java
Development Kit |
|
|
| JMAPI |
Java
Management API |
|
|
| JNDI |
Java
Naming and Directory Interface |
|
|
| JPEG |
Joint
Photographic Experts Group |
|
|
| JRE |
Java
Runtime Environment |
|
|
|
|
|
| KB |
Kilobyte |
|
|
| Kbps |
Kilobits
Per Second |
|
|
| KM |
Knowledge
Management |
|
|
|
|
|
| L2TP |
Layer
2 Tunneling Protocol |
|
|
| LANE |
LAN
Emulattion |
The
ability to connect Ethernet and Token Ring networks together via ATM. LANE
makes the process transparent, requiring no modification to Ethernet and
Token Ring stations. LANE allows common protocols, such as IP, IPX,
AppleTalk and DECnet, to ride over an ATM backbone.
The LANE driver provides the encapsulation of Ethernet
and Token Ring packets into LANE packets and then converts the packets
into ATM cells. It performs the reverse functions on the other end. The
driver resides in an edge device which sits between the LAN and the ATM
switch. The driver is also required in each ATM client station that
communicates with Ethernet and Token Ring.
LANE is also used to create emulated LANs (ELANs) that
logically combine users by workgroup traffic (ELANs are the same as VLANs).
With LANE, broadcast domains can be larger than with other network
technologies, because LANE can manage broadcast traffic within ELANs and
keep it under control.
LANE is implemented in an ATM switch or stand-alone
server and is made up of two software components: the LANE Configuration
Server (LECS), which provides address resolution, and the Broadcast and
Unknown Server (BUS), which manages multicast and broadcast traffic within
the ELAN.
The ATM Forum governs the LANE User-to-Network Interface
(LUNI), which defines how an end station communicates with the ATM
network.
With LANE, in order to communicate between one subnet
and another, a router is required. This is eliminated with MPOA. |
See
MPOA. |
| LCD |
Liquid
Crystal Display |
A
display technology that uses rod-shaped molecules (liquid crystals) that
flow like liquid and bend light. Unenergized, the crystals direct light
through two polarizing filters, allowing a natural background color to
show. When energized, they redirect the light to be absorbed in one of the
polarizers, causing the dark appearance of crossed polarizers to show. The
more the molecules are twisted, the better the contrast and viewing angle.
Because it takes less power to move molecules than to
energize a light-emitting device, LCDs replaced LEDs in digital watches
years ago. The LCD was developed in 1963 at RCA's Sarnoff Research Center
in Princeton, NJ. |
|
| LAN |
Local
Area Network |
|
http://www.techweb.com/encyclopedia/defineterm.cgi?sstring=LAN |
| LEO |
Low
Earth Orbit |
|
|
| LPC |
Local
Procedure Calls |
|
|
| LHA |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| MB |
Megabyte |
|
|
| MP3 |
|
|
|
| MACs |
Moves/Adds/Changes |
|
|
| MAE |
|
Pronounced "may". |
|
| MAPI |
Messaging
Application Programming Interface |
|
|
| MAU |
Media
Access Unit |
|
|
| Mbps |
Megabits
(Megabytes) Per Second |
|
|
| MCA |
Micro
Channel Architecture |
|
|
| MCAD |
Mechanical
Computer-Aided Design |
|
|
| MCAE |
Mechanical
Computer-Aided Engineering |
|
|
| MCI |
Media
Control Interface |
|
|
| MCNS |
Multimedia
Cable Network System |
|
|
| MCSD |
Microsoft
Certified Systems Developer |
|
|
| MCSE |
Microsoft
Certified Systems Engineer |
|
|
| MDF |
Main
Distribution Frame |
|
|
| MDI |
Multiple
Document Interface |
|
|
| MFC |
Microsoft
Foundation Classes |
|
|
| MIB |
Management
Information Base |
|
|
| MIC |
Media
Interface Connector |
|
|
| MIDI |
Musical
Instrument Digital Interface |
|
|
| MIDL |
Microsoft
Interface Description Language Compiler |
|
|
| MIF |
Management
Information File |
|
|
| MIME |
Multipurpose
Internet Mail Extensions |
|
|
| MIPS |
Millions
of Instructions Per Second |
|
|
| MIS |
Management
Information Systems |
|
|
| MMC |
Mail,
Messaging, & Collaboration |
|
|
| MMDS |
Multichannel
Multipoint Distribution Service |
|
|
| MMX |
MultiMedia
eXtensions |
|
|
| MPEG |
Motion
Picture Experts Group |
|
|
| MPLS |
Multi-Protocol
Label Switching |
|
|
| MPP |
Massively
Parallel Processing |
|
|
| MPPP |
MultiLink
point to point protocol |
|
|
| MRU |
Machine
Records Unit |
|
|
| MSDSS |
Microsoft
Directory Synchronization Services |
Allows for the
synchronization of data that is stored in Novell's NDS and Microsoft's
Active Directory. |
www.microsoft.com/windows/server/deploy/interoperability/netware.asp |
| MTA |
Message
Transfer Agent |
|
|
| MTBF |
Mean
Time Between Failure |
|
|
| MTBPF |
Mean
Time Between Parts Failure |
|
|
| MTS |
Microsoft
Transaction Server |
|
|
|
|
|
| NetBIOS |
Network
Basic Input/Output System |
Originally
developed by IBM and Sytek as an API for client software to access LAN
resources, this has become the basis for many other networking
applications. NetBIOS enables an application to establish a session with
another device, as well as lets the network redirector and transaction
protocols pass a request to and from other machines, but it does not
actually manipulate the data. The NetBIOS specification defines an
interface to the network protocol used to reach those services - not the
protocol itself. |
|
| NetBEUI |
NetBIOS
Extended User Interface |
NetBEUI
is a protocol that enhances version of the NetBIOS interface specification
used by network operating systems. NetBEUI is a protocol that formalizes
the transport-layer frame that was never standardized in NetBIOS. It does
not map directly to the OSI model, in that it overlaps the transport
layer, network layer, and the LLC part of the data-link layer. NetBEUI
talks directly to NDIS, which starts at the MAC layer in data-link. Thus,
it is not routable. |
|
| NIC |
Network
Interface Card |
|
|
| N-ISDN |
Narrowband
Integrated Subscriber Digital Network |
|
|
| NAP |
Network
Access Point |
|
|
| NC |
Network
Computer |
|
|
| NCA |
Network
Computing Architecture |
|
|
| NDIS |
Network
Device Interface Specification |
|
|
| NDS |
Novell
Directory Services |
|
|
| NEST |
Novell
Embedded Systems Technology |
|
|
| NFS |
Network
File System |
|
|
| NGI |
Next
Generation Internet |
|
|
| NGIO |
Next
Generation Input/Output |
|
|
| NGNI |
Next
Generation Network Infrastructure |
|
|
| NIC |
Network
Interface Card or Network Information Center |
|
|
| NIIT |
National
Information Infrastructure Testbed |
|
|
| NLM |
NetWare
Loadable Module |
|
|
| NNI |
Network
to Network Interface |
Describes the connection
between two public service network providers. |
|
| NNTP |
Network
News Transport Protocol |
|
|
| NOC |
Network
Operations Center |
|
|
| NSAPI |
Netscape
Server API |
|
|
| NSP |
Native
Signal Processing or Network Service Provider |
|
|
| NSPOF |
No
Single Point of Failure |
|
|
| NT1 |
Network
Terminator 1 |
A device that terminates an
ISDN line at the customer's premises. |
See ISDN. |
| NTFS |
NT
File System |
A file system used in
Windows NT which uses the Unicode character set and allows file names up
to 255 characters in length. The NTFS is designed to recover on the fly
from hard disk crashes. Windows NT supports multiple file systems. It can
run with a DOS/Windows FAT, an OS/2 HPFS and a native NTFS, each in a
different partition on the hard disk. NT's security features require that
the NTFS be used. |
|
| NTP |
Network
Time Protocol |
A protocol used to
synchronize the realtime clock in a computer. There are numerous primary
and secondary servers in the Internet that are synchronized to the
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) via radio, satellite or modem. |
For more information, visit www.eecis.udel.edu/~ntp.
Also see UTC. |
| NTSC |
National
TV Standards Committee |
A color TV standard that
was developed in the U.S. Administered by the FCC, NTSC broadcasts 30
interlaced frames per second (60 half frames per second, or 60
"fields" per second in TV jargon) at 525 lines of resolution.
The signal is a composite of red, green and blue and includes an audio FM
frequency and an MTS signal for stereo. NTSC is used throughout the world
including the U.S., Canada, Japan, South Korea and several Central and
South American countries. |
See PAL, SECAM and ATSC. |
| NVOD |
Near
Video On Demand |
|
|
|
|
|
| OC |
Optical
Carrier |
Optical
Carrier (OC) is the fundamental unit used in SONET hierarchy. OC
indicates an optical signal and the number following OC represents
increments of 51.84 Mbps, the minimum transmission rate. The standard
SONET frame format for 51.84 Mbps is called STS-1; the equivalent optical
transmission rate is called OC-1. SONET standardizes higher transmission
bit rates, OC-N, as OC-3, OC-12, OC-48, and OC-192 which are exact
multiples of OC-1 (Nx51.84 Mbps). SONET also standardizes the overhead
formats and other details of optical transmission to accomplish mid-span
meet between different vendors' equipment. |
|
| OCX |
Object
Linking and Embedding Controls |
|
|
| ODBC |
Open
Database Connectivity |
|
|
| OLAP |
Online
Analytical Processing |
|
|
| OLE |
Object
Linking and Embedding |
|
|
| OMF |
Object
Management Framework |
|
|
| OMG |
Object
Management Group |
|
|
| OODBMS |
Object-Oriented
Database Management System |
|
|
| OOPS |
Object-Oriented
Programming System |
|
|
| ORB |
Object
Request Broker |
|
|
| OS |
Operating
System |
|
|
| OSD |
On
Screen Display |
|
|
| OSI |
Open
Systems Interface (Interconnect) |
|
|
| OSPF |
|
|
|
| OTM |
Object
Transaction Monitor |
|
|
| OTS |
Object
Transaction Services |
|
|
|
|
|
| PAIX |
Palo
Alto Internet Exchange |
|
|
| PAL |
Programmable
Array Logic |
|
|
| PAP |
Password
Authentication Protocol |
|
|
| PBX |
Private Branch
eXchange |
|
|
| PCA |
Printed
Circuit Assembly |
|
|
| PCB |
Printed
Circuit Board |
|
|
| PCI |
Peripheral
Component Interconnect |
|
|
| PCMCIA |
Personal
Computer Memory Card International Association |
|
|
| PCMIA |
Personal
Computer Manufacturer Interface Adapter |
|
|
| PDA |
Personal
Digital Assistant |
|
|
| PDF |
Portable
Document Format |
|
|
| PDN |
Public
Data Network |
|
|
| PDU |
Protocol
Data Unit |
|
|
| PERL |
Practical
Extraction and Report Language |
|
|
| PGP |
Pretty
Good Privacy |
|
|
| PIM |
Personal
Information Manager |
|
|
| PIN |
Product
Identification Number |
|
|
| PKI |
Public-Key
Infrastructure |
|
|
| PLC |
Programmable
Logic Controller |
|
|
| POP |
Point
of Presence or Post Office Protocol |
|
|
| POP3 |
Post
Office Protocol 3 |
|
|
| POS |
Point
Of Sale |
|
|
| POST |
Power
On Self Test |
|
|
| POTS |
Plain
Old Telephone Service |
|
|
| POV |
Point
of View |
|
|
| PPP |
Point-to-Point
Protocol |
|
|
| PPTP |
Point-to-Point
Tunneling Protocol or Point to Point Tunneling Protocol |
|
|
| PRI |
Primary
Rate Interface |
Primary Rate Interface ISDN
is a user-to-network interface consisting of twenty-three 64 kbps bearer
(B) channels and one 64 kbps signaling (D) channel carried over a 1.544
Mbps DS-1 circuit. The B channels carry data, voice or video traffic. The
D channel is used to set up calls on the B channels. |
|
| PROFS |
PRofessional
OFfice System |
IBM office automation
software for the VM mainframe environment. It provides an e-mail facility
for text and graphics, a library service for centrally storing text,
electronic calendars and appointment scheduling, and it allows document
interchange with DISOSS users. PROFS uses IBM's proprietary ZIP messaging
protocol. |
|
| PROM |
Programmable
Read Only Memory |
|
|
| PVC |
Permanent
Virtual Circuit |
|
|
| PX |
Private
eXtensions |
|
|
|
|
|
| QOS |
Quality
of Service |
|
|
|
|
|
| RAD |
Rapid
Application Development |
Developing
systems incrementally and delivering working pieces every three to four
months, rather than waiting until the entire project is programmed before
implementing it. Over the years, many information projects have failed,
because, by the time the implemention took place, the business had
changed.
RAD employs a variety of automated design and
development tools, including CASE, 4GLs, visual programming and GUI
builders, that get prototypes up and running quickly.
RAD was coined years ago by industry guru, James Martin,
and focuses on personnel management and user involvement as much as on
technology. Joint application development (JAD) is another RAD concept. |
|
| RAM |
Random
Access Memory |
|
|
| ROM |
Read
Only Memory |
|
|
| ROTFL |
